[Updated 2026] All Important Science, Physics, Chemistry & Space Full Forms List

Science, Physics, Chemistry & Space Exploration Full Forms: Scientific breakthroughs and space missions rely on standardized technical acronyms. From premier space agencies like NASA and ISRO to nuclear research laboratories like CERN and fundamental biological building blocks (DNA, RNA, ATP), this comprehensive tutorial covers essential scientific abbreviations for students, quiz participants, and competitive exam aspirants.

Sr.No.	Short Name	Full Form
01	NASA	National Aeronautics and Space Administration
02	ISRO	Indian Space Research Organisation
03	ESA	European Space Agency
04	JAXA	Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
05	Roscosmos	State Space Corporation Roscosmos (Russia)
06	CNSA	China National Space Administration
07	CERN	Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire (European Organization for Nuclear Research)
08	LHC	Large Hadron Collider
09	ISS	International Space Station
10	JWST	James Webb Space Telescope
11	HST	Hubble Space Telescope
12	PSLV	Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
13	GSLV	Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle
14	SSLV	Small Satellite Launch Vehicle
15	LVM3	Launch Vehicle Mark 3
16	RLV	Reusable Launch Vehicle
17	VSSC	Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
18	URSC	U R Rao Satellite Centre
19	SDSC SHAR	Satish Dhawan Space Centre Sriharikota
20	BARC	Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
21	TIFR	Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
22	IUCAA	Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
23	GMRT	Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope
24	LIGO	Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory
25	DNA	Deoxyribonucleic Acid
26	RNA	Ribonucleic Acid
27	mRNA	Messenger Ribonucleic Acid
28	tRNA	Transfer Ribonucleic Acid
29	rRNA	Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid
30	ATP	Adenosine Triphosphate
31	ADP	Adenosine Diphosphate
32	LASER	Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
33	MASER	Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
34	RADAR	Radio Detection and Ranging
35	SONAR	Sound Navigation and Ranging
36	LED	Light Emitting Diode
37	LCD	Liquid Crystal Display
38	CFC	Chlorofluorocarbon
39	HCFC	Hydrochlorofluorocarbon
40	DDT	Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
41	TNT	Trinitrotoluene
42	RDX	Research Department Explosive (Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine)
43	PETN	Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate
44	CNG	Compressed Natural Gas
45	LPG	Liquefied Petroleum Gas
46	LNG	Liquefied Natural Gas
47	CO2	Carbon Dioxide
48	CO	Carbon Monoxide
49	SO2	Sulfur Dioxide
50	NOx	Nitrogen Oxides
51	BOD	Biochemical Oxygen Demand
52	COD	Chemical Oxygen Demand
53	pH	Potential of Hydrogen
54	EMF	Electromotive Force
55	AC	Alternating Current
56	DC	Direct Current
57	AM	Amplitude Modulation
58	FM	Frequency Modulation
59	IR	Infrared
60	UV	Ultraviolet
61	NMR	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
62	ESR	Electron Spin Resonance
63	SEM	Scanning Electron Microscope
64	TEM	Transmission Electron Microscope
65	AFM	Atomic Force Microscope

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the full form of NASA and ISRO?

NASA stands for National Aeronautics and Space Administration (the civilian space agency of the United States). ISRO stands for Indian Space Research Organisation (the national space agency of India).

What is the full form of CERN in physics?

CERN stands for Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire in French (European Council for Nuclear Research). It operates the world's largest particle physics laboratory, including the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).

What is the full form of LASER and RADAR?

LASER stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. RADAR stands for Radio Detection and Ranging.

What is the full form of PSLV and GSLV in space rocketry?

PSLV stands for Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle. GSLV stands for Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (both developed by ISRO for launching satellites into sun-synchronous and geostationary orbits).

What is the full form of DNA, RNA, and ATP in biology?

DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid (the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms). RNA stands for Ribonucleic Acid (involved in protein synthesis). ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate (the primary energy currency of the cell).